The folder probably belongs to a higher hidden instance to which I am not allowed ... even if the folder is in the first level of my user folder.
Assuming username Nous, that folder belongs to you, not some "higher hidden instance"
drwx------@ 33 Nous staff sunlnk 1056 19 jul 14:56 .
However, it does have a flag I didn't pay attention to, before. sunlnk is apparently put there by System Integrity Protection (SIP). You will likely have to disable SIP in order to remove the folders.
Try:
sudo chflags nosunlink ~/Bureau \:\ iMacIntel
Then, try to delete the folder. If that fails as I suspect, you will need to disable SIP and then delete the folder.T
To disable SIP, boot into Recovery and run this command in Terminal (Utilities menu):
csrutil disable
At this point, you may be able to use rmdir from Terminal, or restart normally, remove the folders, then re-enable SIP in Recovery:
csrutil enable
If you are using an M1 Mac, you will need to boot into One True Recovery--Shut Down, hold power button until you see the Options and enter from there.
Or, you can just leave them there and ignore them.