why does iCloud ask for the password of the Mac from which I'm trying to log in to iCloud?
When I Google the question "why does apple ask for device password for log in to icloud?" (sorry, I used all lowercase iCloud in the entry to google), the featured snippet is the discussion here, Why does iCloud ask for my Mac account pa… - Apple Community. That did not get an official response from Apple, and the person who tried to answer didn't understand the question and got hung up on whether the questioner was using an admin account. I'm posting a new question because the web page says, "Looks like no one’s replied in a while. To start the conversation again, simply ask a new question."
The problem is the prompt which says, "The password you use to unlock this Mac will also be used to access saved password and other sensitive data you store in iCloud".
Does that mean the password for this Mac will be stored in iCloud? I'm not the first person to think that might be what it means (see the link above).
This is not asking for my iCloud password, by the way. I've already entered the iCloud password and it has been accepted when I get the prompt about my Mac password.
I'm dealing with this prompt because the Mac is telling me that I need to "Update Apple ID Settings" because "Some account services will not be available until you sign in again." But the Mac is partly logged into iCloud and is deemed an acceptable device to use for two-factor authentication. Which is to say, I'm logged in here to post this because after I entered my ID and password into the browser I was asked to enter a code sent to one of my devices. I entered the code that was sent to the Mac on which some account services will not be available until I sign in again.
In other words, I can't sync my notes from my iPhone to my Mac because the Mac isn't logged into my iCloud account, but I can use the Mac to receive codes for two-factor authentication.
MacBook Pro 16″, 10.15