Profile Manager continuous pushing Apps

I've been running an Apple MDM with the macOS Server app for six months.

Unfortunately, a problem keeps popping up here for which I can't find a solution.

The iPads and iPhones in the profile manager sometimes push the same app over and over again every 3 minutes. There are several apps in combination with several devices.

So far I haven't found a working solution on the web or in the community.

I got the best hints from a post by justintylermeow.

Unfortunately, this post is quite old. The function mentioned (_dm_mdm_target_needs_repush) is currently no longer available. The problem devices all have NULL in the first_push_time field. The solution from the above thread only worked for a short time because the value is set to NULL after a short period of time.

However, this gave me a good hint.

This value is repeatedly set to NULL in 3 triggered functions in the database.

Unfortunately, the reason is not really clear to me.

I can't find any errors in the corresponding logs.

Does anyone have a similar experience or any advice on what I should look into again?