Ok so what has worked personally for me on the 14 Pro are the three things listed down below that resulted in a much better overall camera experience. Experiment with them and see what works for you.
a)Turn on ProRAW if you are a baller and got the 1TB storage. (Easiest option)
b) Keep live photos on when taking pictures. Then, when you are viewing the pictures in the photos app, on the top left, click on the option live and select off. You'll immediately see a difference where the phone will give you a much closer photo to how it was in the viewfinder. If you prefer the super contrasty and HDR-ish look in some scenes then just shoot normally without live and you'll get that style of photo.
c) In addition to the above 2 steps, turn on one of the photographic styles by swiping up in the camera app and clicking the 3 frames icon. Select a photographic style that you want for example, rich contrast then turn the intensity all the way down to 1 or 0 if you don't want it to change the way your photos come out. That should take care of some of the oversharpening in the photos.
I know this is not ideal and that we shouldn't have to tinker around so much to get decent looking pictures from a $1000 phone but what can you do. This is my first iPhone as well and coming from Android I thought this would be the most stable bug free experience but we all know how iOS 16 has been. It has improved but definitely not the buttery smooth experience that iPhones were known for.
Hope this helps!