You are running Ventura, so you may be running into a glitch in the way Photos is handled in the File Upload routine. It used to show all your albums, but now it shows only the full Library.
Then, as you discovered, you have to work around it for now. The search box is available, so you can try searching for your picture with its file name, a keyword you've assigned, a person, or a title. It helps to add keywords or titles to pictures as you go so you can find them later.
You can, before the upload, select your pictures in Photos, and then add a keyword, maybe Facebook010923 or something, to the info window (command-I) all at once. Then the search should give you all the pictures.
The other option that you are using now is to export the pictures you're going to use to a folder, perhaps on you desktop. Then you can upload from there.
Also, you can leave feedback about this bug here:
Feedback - Photos - Apple