Does Carplay require connected phone to be in or near the car?

I connected my iPhone to Carplay in someone else's car at some point. I just noticed that this car is still toggled to green in my Carplay settings. Since Carplay has wireless connection capabilities, can my phone connect to that car when I'm not near the car? Meaning, does Carplay still require Bluetooth or a similar proximity in order to connect to the car. Could my text messages show up in that car wirelessly without my phone being in or near that car? I don't have Carplay and know very little about it. Thank you!