Stuff happens - and, occasionally, a system software update will cause an unanticipated issue.
Apple are reportedly aware of the issue. As for when the bug fix will be released, this is known only within Apple. As contributors here are all end-users, just like you, we are as much in the dark as yourself.
As for your iPad model, you’ve not yet shared this information. Neither have you provided information as to your Power Adapter…
USB Type-A connectors are the larger (rectangular) connections that are usually found on older computers. USB-C is the new USB connector that all modern computers and peripherals are now using.
Perhaps these pictures of charging cables will help with understanding the difference between the two types of USB connector…
USB Type-A to Lightning
USB-C to Lightning
The described workaround, that works for the majority (if not all), is to use an Apple Power Adapter that has a USB-C connector - and a matching charging cable (illustrated). Third-party USB-C Power Adapters will also work as long as they explicitly support USB PD (Power Delivery).