MacBook Pro restarts showing "No MCA data found" error every time I close the lid

I would like to know if this error can be covered by warranty?

No. Macs come with a 1 year limited warranty. So for a 2017 purchase, that ended in 2018. If you had AppleCare+ for this device, then the coverage would be extended to 2 or 3 years (–2020). Not sure if longer time frames were possible back then. For new purchases since 2019 directly from Apple, AppleCare+ is also available for yearly subscription fee without end date (until canceled).

Your Mac may need hardware servicing, so contact Apple for options.

Mac repair & service - Apple Support

Call Apple Support at 1‑800‑APLCARE (in the US), or start your support request online.

Select issues with Apple products are covered by “Service Programs” (accessible beyond official warranty or AppleCare+), because of not being up to Apple’s own standards (somewhat like a recall). These are for specific listed issues and models. Apple Service Programs - Apple Support

<< CPU Machine Check ....>>

That is a serious Hardware error internal to the CPU chip such as a cache error. it is impossible to recover from such errors, so you get a panic instead.