Update:
Repair changed the logic board and everything else that is attached (or soldered) to it, which is a lot of the machine nowadays. The problem persists. It's important to notice that it happens on the HDMI or the USB-C port, all of them, on any monitor I tested (Samsung, LG and a brand new Apple Studio Display).
I took the computer on the main official repair shop, the main Apple shop in the state. I reproduced the error with the crew. They took notes, tested for a few days and gave me back saying that it passed all tests, including the one I showed them that it did not. Shamelessly, I showed them that the problem persisted. They gave up and told me to call Apple by phone (yes, you read it right, Apple recommended me to call them by phone).
I called them and they admitted that they've similar reports and are working on the issue. After two calls, they asked me for the external monitors specifications in order to reproduce the problem. I sent them but already told that, obviously it would not fix the problem and I wouldn't wait much longer.
It's messing with my workflow and I demanded a fix ASAP. It's completely frustrating. I'm on Apple Care. If I wasn't, I'd have already gave up the machine.
I hope some Apple employee read this here too.