Manual iPhone-to-iPhone transfer with iCloud but without iCloud backup

If you have a computer, connect your iPhone and do an 'encrypted backup'. Do not forget the password.

Using your new iPhone, connect it to the same computer and do a restore from the backup. It will ask for the password you set when you did the encrypted backup.

There are items that will not be backed up, such as your TouchID/FaceID, Apple Pay.

Good luck!

The individual requirement that you posted with 9 points. I have tried to address each of them one by one.

1. photos - on iCloud so should sync.
   1. Yes, if you use the same Apple ID
2. calendar - I need the historical data from this. How can I transfer it?
   1. Calendar data is not stored on iPhone: They are synced through an email account that you have. Add the same account on the new device all your calendar data will be back
3. messages - will these sync to iCloud?
   1. If you enable Messages on iCloud then the same will be available on all the devices that you use the same Apple ID
4. health - will this sync after login?
   1. use the same Apple ID
5. whatsapp - seems to be a transfer messages to iPhone option
   1. This may help --> Transfer Whatsapp chat History from Andro… - Apple Community
6. apps - I can list out everything and reinstall what I need. There’s only a few which hold data
   1. Apps don't transfer from iPhone to iPhone, only the app data along with app links to the App Store gets transferred.
      1. After the transfer is complete (Quick Transfer, iCloud, or iTunes) depending on the internet speed all apps will get downloaded from the App Store automatically. If an App no longer exists in the App Store or the iOS version is not compatible with the App, then the transferred App data cannot be accessed any further.
   2. Apps & Settings --> Apart from the Apps following will also not get transferred between devices
      1. Content from the iTunes and App Stores or PDFs downloaded directly to Apple Books
      2. Content synced from iTunes, like imported MP3s or CDs, videos, books, and photos
      3. Data already stored in iCloud, like iCloud Photos, iMessages, and text (SMS) and multimedia (MMS) messages
      4. Data that are synced to an email account such as Google, iCloud, AOL, Exchange, Outlook, Yahoo, or any Other email client server that supports contact synchronization. e.g. Contacts, Reminders, Notes, Calendars
      5. Face ID or Touch ID settings
      6. Apple Pay information and settings
      7. Apple Mail data
      8. Apple Music
7. Notes - I can copy paste:
   1. No.
   2. Where were the Notes? See the pic below. You will get your answer
   3. The 2 pics below are self-explanatory.
   4. 
   5. 
8. banking apps - check logins on desktop before installing:
   1. Refer to Point 6
9. iMovie - has 10 GB of videos. Don’t need it on my phone but need to keep it online or on my desktop. If you have iCloud enable iMovie on iCloud. I am not aware of how Windows will protect the resolution and meta data of iMovies.

This may help --> 3 Ways to transfer data from an old iPhone to a new iPhone… - Apple Community