Overheating can be form physical causes or software issues.
—Software: Indeed, Chrome is a resource hog. However, the #1 software cause of overheating are useless anti-virus apps and anything third-party that claims to clean, disinfect, optimize, tune-up, or otherwise massage your Mac. They interfere with elegant automated routines you paid Apple to build into the macOS. Macs, cat-like, clean themselves, and have for over two decades.
—Physical:
- Notebook computers must breathe. All Macbook Pros exhaust hot air out from the hinge area. That area cannot be obstructed.
- 14- 15- and 16-inch Macbook Pros have air intakes on the edges of the bottom plate to allow cool air in. Do not block those
- 13-inch models appear to breathe through the keyboard. Therefore, running in "clamshell mode" (lid closed; external monitor) or using a keyboard protector could cause fatal overheating in a 13" model
Apple summarizes here: Keep your Mac laptop within acceptable operating temperatures - Apple Support
If you want a data-driven evaluation in this setting where we can neither see nor touch your computer, please post an EtreCheck report. We can quickly and within the limitations of these forums help you determine what issues are at play without our playing a protracted game of "20 Questions" with you that could go on for days.
EtreCheck Pro is available here:
https://etrecheck.com/index
The free version will do nicely for this purpose, although the app is worthy of our financial support.
We can see hard data about drive performance, software issues and interferences, and RAM usage. Etrecheck is the development of a long-serving and trusted ASC contributor. It is a reporting app, not a "fix-it” app, expressly for displaying information in these forums to help us help you remotely. It will not reveal any personal or secure information.
Please see this excellent user tip on how to post long text reports like EtreCheck's into a forum response:
How to use the Add Text Feature When Post… - Apple Community
