Which computer files appear in the Files folder of the iPhone?
Do all MacBook Pro files automatically get stored in the Files folder of the iPhone?
iPhone 15 Plus, iOS 17
Question marked as
No.
If you turn on iCloud Drive on your MacBook Pro and also turn it on in your iPhone then files in the iCloud Drive folder on the Mac will sync with iCloud and the iPhone. To setup iCloud Drive, see instructions in Set up iCloud Drive - Apple Support
Also note that there is an option to add all of the files on your Desktop and in your Documents folder (and subfolders) to iCloud Drive. See: Add your Desktop and Documents files to iCloud Drive - Apple Support