A little bit of history (optional):
In the beginning, there was a third-party MP3 player application for the Mac called SoundJam MP. Apple bought it out and used it to create iTunes. At first, iTunes was a Mac-only program. When Apple started selling iPods to PC users, they came out with iTunes for Windows.
Things stayed that way for a long time. When macOS Catalina came out, Apple got rid of the Mac version of iTunes, breaking it up into separate applications (Music, TV, Podcasts, Books), and Finder-based device management. But they kept iTunes for Windows (which by now, was managing iPhones, iPods, and iPads).
Apple is now trying to ditch iTunes for Windows, and the Apple Devices application (which is only for Windows) is a part of that.
Of course, if you enter the wrong passcode on an iPhone too many times, and lock yourself out, requiring you to do a reset and erase, chances are that the message will refer to iTunes!