Why is my iPhone 12 Camera Clarity and Colors Indoor So Bad?

That was just show how to get the settings to show with the photo.

Take a picture, open in Photos app, tap I in circle at bottom, take a screenshot, post photo to this thread.

Please outside and take a picture or two. If you’re going to test two different cameras you need to test them at the same time with the same subject, side by side.

Try again. The angle of view is different, the angle and crop is different. I also need to see the settings each photo was taken at. Something like below. Both images are showing a lot of compression, but the Samsung shows some what less compression. This indicates images taken at different settings.

The aperture can’t be adjusted on an iPhone. All you’re adjusting is a pseudo depth of field effect. Samsung had a camera model that actually had an adjustable aperture. It 2 stops of adjustment, but if you stopped it down, diffraction was so bad it made the images worse. A case of marketing department not knowing or understanding physics.

Unless you are some sort of photographer that has to shoot keyboards in poor indoor lighting conditions maybe you need a dedicated camera. Simply adjusting the aperture without considering the resulting ISO, shutter speed, and focal length is not good technique for meaningful comparisons. As mentioned go outside and try again.