Under General -> About it stil says "Carrier 12.0" under Carrier. None of my ipcc attempts changed this value, which led me to believe that it wasn't the ipcc itself that was the important part, but that the ipcc transfer was just used as a method to get iTunes to communicate the value of the "carrier-testing" parameter. Wild speculation, of course, but we don't have much else at the moment, do we. :-) So while I'll now try to explain all the steps I did, I did initially think that all of this was unnecessary, now I'm not so sure.
I first tried the ipcc called "Telstra_au_OldColor.ipcc". When that didn't work (at least as far as I knew; I didn't know to check the APN settings at the time), I started googling around and eventually found this page: http://www.volkspost.info/carrierbundle_pwn2/ that lets you create a carrier profile yourself, using my local carrier's MCC/MNC (whatever that is), which I found from here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_Network_Code - my operators MCC is 244 and MNC is 21 so I entered 24421 in the "Supported SIM" field. It gives you a zip file in a format different than the ipcc file. However, the ipcc files turns out to be simple zip files, so I rearranged the content in the file the Carrier Bundle Generator so that it would be arranged the same way as the ipcc file (it took a few tried until iTunes accepted it so at least I know that iTunes doesn't accept any random malformed filed called .ipcc). Specifically, I arranged it so that the content would be like this:
./Payload/Saunalahti.bundle/carrier.plist
./Payload/Saunalahti.bundle/Default_CARRIER_S.png
./Payload/Saunalahti.bundle/FSO_CARRIER_S.png
./Payload/Saunalahti.bundle/Info.plist
Basically I renamed the _custom.bundle directory to match my operator name ("Saunalahti") and put it in a directory called "Payload". I used the "zip" command to create the new package and renamed it to .ipcc, both from the command line because Finder wouldn't agree with me. The commands I used was (assuming I have the "Payload" folder in a folder called "Saunalahti ipcc" under my "Downloads" folder):
cd ~/Downloads/"Saunalahti ipcc" zip -r ../Saunalahti_custom.zip Payload
cd .. mv Saunalahti_custom.zip Saunalahti_custom.ipcc
When that seemingly didn't work I peeked into the Info.plist file and noticed that there was a version number 2.something for CFBundleVersion, so I figured I'd up that to something higher to see if that helped, so I changed it to this:
<key>CFBundleVersion</key>
<string>13</string>
and then went through the process of zipping/renaming the ipcc file again.
Again, I have no idea if this helps, I was just basically just randomly doing things and in hindsight I have no idea which thing worked, especially since the Carrier version in the About screen never changed, even with my own custom ipcc. I figured iOS had simply rejected my own ipcc files as I noticed that the "real" ipcc files were digitally signed (presumably by the operator) and the ones I was creating of course wasn't.
Would be awesome if this could help someone else also, of course, but right now I'm far too uncertain about this whole thing to have any high hopes.