You have no idea how livid I am that I wasted an entire morning trying to resolve this problem.
Went to the Apple Store, 30 minutes away, and spend 90 minutes with the Genius Bar Tech.
The tech was able to replicate the problem. Thank Goodness, at least the RMBP blacked out in his presence.
He did a hardware diagnostics test which passed. He could not do a software diagnostics test because the store did not have it updated for the RMBP.
He wiped the laptop and reinstalled a fresh copy of Mountain Lion.
After doing so, he rebooted a half dozen times and everything worked fine.
What he forgot to do was change the retina display setting to where I had it. I did not realize this in the store.
So, when I got home and made that change, the RMBP completely blacked out at login.
DAMNIT!
Called Apple Care and fought with them on the phone about sending me a replacement. They wanted me to mail the RMBP back to them instead. I told them I could not be without my laptop as I use it for work.
They refuse to take the laptop back and send me a new one.
They want to take it in for repair. That would mean days without a laptop. I cannot do that as I use my laptop for work.
Right now I am still working with Apple Care to find out if this problem is prominent enough that Apple Engineers will issue a firmware fix.