I have had variations on this issue since install however, with the last apple update(10.8.4) it got even stranger. Randomly, when I wake from sleep it will go to the gray(carbon fiber)background like when you are restarting, you must put the login, and password in there. Then it takes you to the galaxy wallpaper which was default before you changed the wallpaper, with just the password then all is normal. Randomly it will take me to both of those screens so I must put the password in twice, or sometimes only once. I have tried many things, but what seems to be a common theme, is if I turn wi-fi off before I put the mac to sleep it will not exhibit this behavior. Which makes me think it has something to do with power sleep, or something. If I don't have mail open, or any program open when I put it to sleep does not seem to make a difference, only turning wi-fi on or not.
If anyone can answer why this should make a difference, let me know. I think it is a mountain lion software bug. I have tried deleting preferences, resetting pram, and the smc. Most times it only does it using one user account, but it will do it in safe mode, and other user account randomly if wi-fi is open when I put the laptop to sleep. Everything works normal after I input the password, just frustrating I have to put the password in twice.
Macbook Pro(laptop) 17" Core Duo 2.4Ghz, 4gig ram, mountain lion 10.8.4