I was also having this problem with my iPhone 4S. Usage and standby times were exactly the same, battery was draining rapidly, and the phone would instantly reboot whenever I tried switching it off. For me though, the problem began after I dropped my phone in water - it was only in there for literally a second and I dried it out using the rice trick immediately. The phone never switched off or had any speaker problems etc and everything still worked fine apart from the issues above.
After reading similar problems on forums etc it sounded as though my issues were caused by a dock connector problem and the fact that the pins may be 'shorting'. I tried cleaning the port with a dry toothbrush but this didn't solve anything and I was still having the same problems.
However, I decided to try cleaning the port again last night as a last-ditch attempt. I used a big fat paintbrush with hard bristles and really went to town on the pins on the connector. I scrubbed way harder than I really wanted to and did this for about 5 minutes straight.
Voila - my phone is now working properly again! Usage and standby times are different and I can now switch off the phone without it rebooting.
Hope this works for a few others - remember, scrub HARD!