Fixed it! So when dealing with this Encrypted Password mess, I tried every password I could remember (without any luck). Then I tried this “If you can’t remember the password for your encrypted backup” reset trick. Your phone MUST have iOS 11 or higher. It’s sounds scary, but I didn’t really lose any information or apps during this whole process. I say “really” since it didn’t allow me to transfer my email passwords, so I had to set them up again, but that was easy to do afterwards.
Go to Settings> General> Reset> Reset All Settings, then enter your phone’s iOS passcode (you’re everyday multi-digit homescreen unlock code). Follow the Reset Settings. It won’t affect your user data or passwords, but it will reset settings like brightness, Home screen layout, and wallpaper. It also removes that dreaded encrypted backup password. Once your phone restarts, the check will be gone, and you can sync it normally again to create a unencrypted backup. Use that to transfer your old phone’s contacts, and everything else to your new iPhone by selecting the “Restore from Backup” button on your phones iTunes phone summary screen.
Here’s the link to the Apple page where it talks about it under the title “If you can’t remember the password for your encrypted backup”
(toward the bottom of the page). https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT205220
Good luck and I hope this helps!