It is NOT dead!
I have a solution that worked for me.
I tried the install like everyone else. It failed. I got stuck in the loop like everyone else... in that no matter what I did... I just could not roll back into my current setup. And if I tried to boot into safe mode, it would shut my computer down.
I have a windows partition that I use through bootcamp. It still ran fine. And as much as it's slightly funny to say this, by using Windows... I fixed the error.
My friend found a link to a product called Mac Drive 9 ( http://www.mediafour.com/products/macdrive/standard ). I went there, installed it ... it has a 5 day trial... and rebooted back into Windows.
At that point, I went into the macintosh HD from Windows. I went into the Applications folder and renamed the Mavericks install.app and then found an OS X Install data and renamed it as well.
Then I used Mac Drive 9 to repair my mac partition. It took about an hour and a half for it to work... with even a few times where I was sure that Mac Drive 9 stopped working... but it finally completed. I rebooted the machine... held down the option key (because that's how I see my Bootcamp/Windows and Mac partitions). I noticed immediately that instead of having OS X Installer gone and in its place was the familiar Macintosh HD... I clicked it... and I went RIGHT back into everything as though I had never left.
It worked. I can't believe it. I'm stunned. Windows actually helped fix my Mac.
I hope that helps someone else. I was convinced I was erasing and starting over. This was my last attempt. Everything else I had tried to do failed. The repair didn't work... verifying didn't even work. I tried like 6 things on the Terminal. nothing worked. I even was going to try creating a new partition to install the OS over on it so that I could attempt to fix the main partition. I was locked out of every option. It all failed until I tried that.
So if you have Bootcamp with Windows on it... get Mac Drive 9, rename those two items on the Mac side... do a repair... and you're golden!