I am having this problem, too, and I don't have multiple alarms set. (I have about 30 created, but only 1 set at a time. In the past, I've often set 2 and had no problem.)
The first sign of a problem was with google maps not interrupting a phone call yesterday to tell me the directions. Then today, I was speaking on app Just Press Record and the maps app was silent, so I drove 20 miles out of the way before I noticed.
Tonight, a timer went off silently. I saw the screen saying it was going off, but no sound. I tried the alarm, and it rang a single tone at about half volume, and then continued at barely audible volume. This repeated each time.
I messed around with everything suggested, changing the ringer volume to various settings, include max and zero, to try to reset it, shut the phone down and restarted it twice, tried airplane mode, and changed the ringtones for alarm and timer several times, and deleted about half my alarm settings.
After all this, the timer is now going at about half volume, and the alarm was going about 3/4 volume. (In each case, when I select the ringtone, I hear that at full volume, and that's my comparison. (I keep setting the alarm to go off a minute later, and with the timer, 5-10 seconds later, so I hear it right after, so I have a proximate comparison.)
Now I have removed more alarms and set them to "silk" again and for the moment, both alarm and timer are suddenly working. That's after 45 minutes fiddling with all these things. No telling how long this will last. Maddening.
It's 5 minutes later. I tried them again. The alarm is back to half volume, the timer 1/4 volume. Neither would wake me. Sigh.
(I have never used bedtime or Do Not Disturb. I double-checked that they are both off, as is the box to allow the volume buttons to control alarm sound. (In hopes of resetting something, I actually activated each of those, went out of settings, returned and turned them off.)