After much exasperation, mine's working again. Here's what happened:
1. I replaced all apps. That didn't work.
2. I replaced the phone and restored it. Still no luck. The new, cloned phone, still did not locate my current location. As it turns out, I probably did not need to replace the phone. It was under warranty, but cost $112.
3. I restored it back to zero. It worked.
4. I restored all the data. It's still working.