Although the solution is not ideal, today I solved the "no Yahoo mail since November 2017" problem with my wife's iPhone 6 / iOS 11.2.2. Here's what I did:
I dragged the Apple iOS Mail icon out of the bottom "tray" of the home screen and then dragged the Yahoo Mail app into the "tray." My wife now has a functional Yahoo mail app nestled between the Safari icon and the Messages icon. And the iOS Mail app now sits as a useless drone on the home screen among the lesser apps like Home, Weather, Stocks, etc. and will remain there until Apple or Yahoo fix the problem.

By the way, based on responses I got from Yahoo when trying to delete and then re-setup the Yahoo account, I suspect the problem has something to do with Yahoo mail interpreting Apple's iOS Mail app as an insecure, ie, not a "modern" app.