I've seen a few replies in this thread where someone has told Apple and Apple said they were working on it.. alas... nothing as of yet, my guess is they will wait until 11.2 officially is released and an update to iTunes will come out at the same time..
I don't have this issue at all anymore after downgrading iTunes and using iFunBox to go in and delete all of the photos / thumbnails and associated sqlite database files .. essentially "restoring" the photos section only ..
Part of the issue from what I can tell is iTunes is not deleting images.. even if you uncheck the box to not sync anything, it never actually removes your photos from the device, it just resets the sqlite database.. you can see them plain as day in iFunBox .. every time you sync, it goes through and scans all those images even though you don't see them on your device in the photos app .. SOME apps will still show them, though I forget what app I was able to view them in.. despite the option set to sync nothing .. At any rate, when you sync, it goes through this lengthy scan of all the orphaned files, it scans the library on your computer, it tries to rebuild the library .. and in my experience, it often even makes duplicates .. it causes each sync to progressively take longer and longer until it just won't finish..
This is no doubt why you experience it only working for a few weeks.. But again, after I downgraded and manually cleaned things out.. I've never had the issue again.. so I'm going to wait until they get this fixed properly.