How to Disable the Ring/Silent physical switch
I have also experienced accidentally moving the Ring/Silent physical hardware switch from Ring to Silent and have missed calls and alerts, even when I have the Vibrate option turned ON.
I have seen suggestions to use glue and protective cases... and even wedging a small piece of a rubber band into the switch's crack (nice one!).
But I found a simpler and non-permanent solution to this problem until such time Apple decides to add a software Settings option to disable the physical switch... or removes the physical switch in favour of a simple software switch accessible when the phone is unlocked (otherwise, it is possible to accidentally swipe that from ON/Ring to OFF/silent as well).
I used a small piece of black electrical tape to cover the switch. It protects the switch from accidental movement, it is easily removable, and it looks good on a black iPhone!
I have not had issues missing calls or alerts since.
Just thought I'd put that out there, since I hadn't seen a piece of tape being mentioned in my searches for a fix for this problem... mostly just superglue!