Yes, I was also contacted by Apple Support about my comments on this thread and I was able to explain all the issues in detail - that wired sync to iMac via Finder since install of Catalina (at least for me - I did not have issues prior) is causing issues - duplicates, solid white images, solid black images, missing images... but the good news for me at least is after the last update Albums nested within Folders in Photos do sync now - but the other issues are problematic enough that I have not been syncing Photos. Oddly enough while both of my iOS devices are missing images from the synced albums, only my 2018 iPad Pro is getting the duplicates, blank images. Syncs seem to be a little faster since the last updates as well.
I will point out that after all the recent updates, to iMac, and iOS, the first syncs to my iOS devices worked overall - except for missing a handful of images in albums that had a combo of pics and vids - the albums with only pics seems to have a matching number of images on iMac Photos and on the respective albums on the iOS devices. However, on the second sync, that’s when I started to get random duplicates and blanks on the iPad. And the second sync did not resolve the missing images on the iPhone either - a problem on both devices.
MikeyBananas - have you tested a second sync since your repair? I am wondering if the issue will return at that point as it did for me.
Sadly I don’t think the “repair library” is the fix - at least not for me, as I had done that about a month or two ago - maybe I have to do it again since the last updates?
The day Apple contacted me about this issue I didn’t have the time to capture all the sync processes they needed - like MikeyBananas said, it would take 3 hours at least which was my prediction. I will hopefully schedule another call to try to do the process so they can capture the issue for the engineers, as I know many of you have already done.
They are clearly aware of this issue and trying to get to the bottom of it.