I think I discovered the solution to my problem, though I'm not sure if this will help anyone else out. In the off chance it might, here goes.
Wiped my phone, restored via iTunes. Didn't solve the issue.
My battery was at 83% so I had apple replace it. Didn't solve the issue.
"Set up as new phone" then restored from icloud. Didn't solve the issue.
Mortal Kombat Mobile - I deleted the App, deleted the data (automatically asked when I deleted the app). Tried a few hours without it. Re-downloaded the app, after going through the tutorial it requires re-linked my account and so far I haven't experienced any 10 second "freezes." (inside or outside of the game).
It has almost been a day, but so far I have not experienced ANY freezes lasting longer than 1-2 seconds (which could be chocked up to background processing).
I think it was just a corrupted file or something having to do with MK Mobile. Additionally, since doing the above, the game doesn't appear to be crashing as frequently as before (which was a lot).
Good luck!