Update, on my update...
It took from 4am until last night, but my iPhone 12 Pro Max has rectified itself. To be clear: The phone is a year old, but sat unused so when I got it, it was near brand new. Battery Health at 100%, now at 99%.
This issue has happened to me with my old handset, and iPhone 8 Plus. And would come right after a day or two. My beef is this: Why doesn't Apple warn of this? Do they not know this may happen? Or is likely to happen? Also, when I talked to two different people via Apple support, did they not know of this issue either? Why tell me to uninstall everything then reinstall it all? By the way, I didn't do this.
For a huge company like Apple you would think there would be greater care taken at communication with the Apple ecosystem, of which we all inhabit.
Again when the device overheated, I mean it was near burning hot. For much of the day. I could not connect to mobile data at all. The battery drained completely to zero %. Without usage. By far the most extreme example I have experienced in what is now 10 years of Apple fandom.
Lastly, I'd like to thank all those who've posted helpful comments and their own stories too. It really helped me not panic, and to see a pattern too.
many thanks guys.