I gave up trying to keep track of the Intel CPUs many years ago because Intel has such a confusing mess of CPUs even in a single architecture and generation. Keep in mind that Apple is most likely using the more powerful versions of the CPUs which means even if there are power savings the more powerful CPU may negate the advantage over the previous generation. I'm sure the extra cores play a role as well at least to some extent.
Also keep in mind the physical size and capacity of the batteries may be different between the older & newer laptops. The batteries in the older Magsafe laptops were likely physically larger since the laptops were thicker than the USB-C models. I believe the electrical Design Capacity of the older batteries were in the 6k mAh range while the USB-C laptop batteries have a Design Capacity of 4.8k mAh.
There is also a chance your battery is starting to wear out or it may even have a hardware fault which may sometimes only be noticed at a specific charge level. It is very hard to assess the health of the batteries since macOS and the Apple Diagnostics may not be able to detect some issues. I've actually taken to monitor the battery behavior (charge levels, capacity levels, charge/discharge rates) while charging & discharging with our organization's laptops which has helped me to notice very hard to detect battery issues which users have reported, but I'm unable to reproduce or notice during normal tests. I have noticed that some of the 2019 laptops (15" models IIRC) seem to have some more issues than I've seen with some older USB-C models. I don't believe I've seen too many 13" 2019 models.
Also the software may behave differently on the different generations. Sometimes this may mean the newer laptop is more efficient due to new CPU instructions, while software on older systems may forego some types of processing because it would impact the app's performance (or the OS). The newer laptop may actually be doing more work than the older laptop.
Keep in mind the GPUs are different which will make a difference with streaming videos. Also the display resolution on the newer laptops may be higher which will also put more of a drain on the battery.