Tested it out in my car (2022 Buick Enclave) and it works with no issues with the USB-C cable that came with the phone, an old Apple USB-C cable, the new 2m 240W Apple USB-C cable, and a non-Apple USB-C cable I had in the USB-C ports in my car. Also just tried it with a Belkin USB-A to USB-C cable I had on the USB-A port in my car. Also worked with no issues. Had a family member check their Nissan…everything was working for them (they also have a USB-A and USB-C port in their car and CarPlay is wired versus wireless). So at least it’s clearly not a universal issue. Although some think it can’t be a port (car) issue or a need for an update that is not true. It absolutely still could be. The port may not be rated where it can handle the power the iPhone 15 series needs. A lot of vehicles come with ports that can be underpowered (even new cars. It’s not the model year that matters but the parts they decided to use). Not saying this is absolutely the issue but to think that it automatically has to be the phone or iOS that is the problem is incorrect. This issue comes up every year that a new iPhone and new iOS is released. Never affecting everyone (which it would if the issue was solely the fault of the phones…excluding the possibility of receiving a device with a faulty port from a bad batch or something).
As far as those that say they checked and there is no update for their radio so that can’t be the problem. That’s also not definitively true. Not all manufacturers release updates in a timely manner…or at all. Doesn’t mean that is the issue with yall having CarPlay problems but it also doesn’t exclude an update needed from being the problem.