Data CDs (and data and video DVDs) use 2,048 byte blocks, and have a directory of file names with block numbers.
Audio CDs have just a stream of bits. It starts with a TOC (Table of Contents) which contains the starting time of each track, The bits can be read in sectors of 2,352 bytes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_Disc_Digital_Audio
When Finder copies tracks from a CD it converts them into Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_Interchange_File_Format
It usually gets track names from an internet database.
A disk image file made from a Finder folder will be nothing like the bitstream on the CD. When burning a disc, Finder just copies 2,048 byte blocks. It doesn't do any reformatting.
Disk Utility can make a disk image file directly from a CD but it doesn't handle audio formats, so reads 2,048 byte blocks. The resulting disk image file is useless.
The only Apple software that can burn audio CDs is iTunes.
DVDs are different. They use 2048 byte blocks and have a directory that can be read by the Finder. If the DVD is not encrypted, Finder can copy the files to the computer and played (with the right software). DVD Player can play directly from encrypted DVDs, but not from encrypted files copied from the DVD. DVDs use UDF directories.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Disk_Format
Finder and Disk Utility can't create these, but UDF discs can be copied by Disk Utility disk images.