I called Apple regarding a refund (I bought it from them, so they are responsible for conformity issues in the EU). Since this the charger clearly doesn't respect the MFi standard or the Lightning standard this is clearly a conformity issue in my eyes.
According to them they won't issue a refund because the manufacturer cannot guarantee compatibility with all future phones. When I told them that I don't want compatibility with all future phones, but only with all phones with a lightning connector, I was told that the connector may look the same, but the parts inside the phone might have changed.
I'm currently waiting for a reply to a follow up email I made after the call.