@Laurii112
First let me share my MBP specs:
16" (Purchased in Late Feb/Early March 2020)
2.3GHz 8-Core Intel Core i9
64GB DDR4 RAM
1TB SSD
AMD Radeon Pro 5500M 4 GB/Intel UHD Graphics 630 1536 MB
The fluff:
I have a beast of a machine based on my previous 2015 Macbook Pro. I upgraded because I needed to and because of the current global climate, I have had to become a livestreamer. I have used various different program combos to achieve the goal of staying connected. I use a combination of the built-in FaceTime camera and an external Logitech HD 1080p webcam.
The meat:
Ok, so this issue popped up for me after an OS update from 10.15.3 to .4. It seems there was some issue in how the graphics drivers were packaged. I had all my peripherals attached which included, 2 USB-C hubs, Thunderbolt3 to HDMI, & USB-C to USB3.0 adapter with an iLok dongle. After disconnecting all the peripherals and then "docking" the Macbook back sometime later (roughly 5 hours), the built-in display FREAKED OUT after I plugged the Thunderbolt3 to HDMI cable back in. This caused a kernel panic and prompted a restart. After that restart, it went into Safe Mode. I rebooted into Normal. Reconnected the Thunderbolt3 to HDMI adapter which seemed to work and went through to make sure everything else was fine. So, I brought up my web conferencing app and lo and behold...
...No pretty green light. No FaceTime camera access. No external USB camera either. This happened 2 hours before I was going live. Nothing worked. So I did what I could and touted "technical difficulties" as one should to maintain an air of professionalism, waited until the stream ended and went to bed after 3 hours of frustrated troubleshooting and a glass of whiskey. The next day I initiated an Apple support chat along with 4 hours of continued troubleshooting on my end. SMC & NVRAM/PRAM resets did nothing. The process for the current line of 16" MBP's is not user friendly. Not easy to accomplish unless you are a freaking clock.
I also tried the sudo killall VDCAssistant about 10 times and it didn't work. Atleast when I pulled up Activity Monitor, it did show that process only after I selected "All Processes" from the "View" menu. I tried killing the process that way too, then retried my cameras which still didn't display anything. Also note, the issue was not that macOS couldn't find or locate the cameras because they were all selectable from every program I used. Just no video output or any other indication they were working properly.
Here's what worked for me:
(I had a TimeMachine Backup right after the OS update. If you have that, you might be able to continue on. Even if you don't try this process. It's going to take time no matter what. It is a better alternative than sending it in to get serviced.)
1. Reboot/Restart from Apple menu.
2. Run Diagnostics. (Press "D" on your keyboard immediately upon starting up.) Allow the program to run. Mine told me there were no hardware issues. Not surprised.
3. Wild goose chase trying to reinstall macOS Catalina from my Time Machine Backup which failed twice. Rebooted. Tried again.
4. Went into macOS Recovery Mode: Command (⌘)-R. I deleted the ENTIRE Macintosh HD drive structure. (Macintosh HD - Data needs to go bye-bye as I believe it contains the culrpit or some software/hardware handshake has failed)
5. Reinstalled a fresh macOS Catalina 10.15.4 (won't allow downgrade to .3)
6. Once that was finished, I tried both my cameras. They each worked once and only once. This essentially showed me there was something wonky in the way macOS handles a driver. (Mac experts please correct me if I'm wrong)
7. I then decided to use Migration Assistant to install my last saved and known good backup from Time Machine Backup. This process took roughly 3 hours from start to finish.
8. Went into Disk Utility to run "First Aid" on the drive. No errors were reported.
9. I rebooted once it was done to help settle things into place.
10. I logged back into the OS and tried everything again and both FaceTime and my Logitech HD c920 camera were both working again.
11. Crossed my fingers, held my tongue just right, said a little prayer, shut down all applications and tried them again.
12. Both cameras still worked. Albeit, the built-in FaceTime camera seems a little more "grainy" than it originally did.
As of right now (3/28) everything is still working. I'll be happy to respond to any questions you may have as I believe my experience is going to be anecdotal at best.