Thanks for the update. I guess I am not too surprised. Hopefully, as more and more iMac Pro owners report this problem, Apple will put more effort into solving it. To me this looks like a firmware issue more than a software one. Per my earlier messages, I restored to 10.13.3, but the brightness issue persisted.
Whatever Apple did with this update, it broke the way the T2 chip handles brightness settings. There are other posts on the MacRumor forums claiming that it's not just brightness retention on startup that's broken, but USB connectivity is also suspect (slow keyboard responsiveness, etc.) until the computer fully loads the OS. You probably noticed, but it's impossible to lower the brightness using the keyboard until the OS fully loads; doing so before the login screen appears does not work. Nor is lowering the brightness possible while in recovery mode.